In the pursuit of a sustainable future, green hydrogen has emerged as a promising solution for clean energy production. As the world strives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and shift away from fossil fuels, the role of water in the production of green hydrogen cannot...

Water scarcity is looming large among arid and coastal regions since a couple of decades. Desalination, the process of removing salt and other impurities from seawater or brackish water to produce fresh water, has become a subject of considerable interest as a perennial and viable...

In the current era of rapid technological advancements, Water industry has also been witnessing a surge of innovations based on Artificial Intelligence. Artificial Intelligence, driven by machine learning and data analysis, is playing a pivotal role in reshaping water treatment processes. This fusion of Artificial...

An aquifer is an underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock, rock fractures or unconsolidated materials. There are two general types of aquifers: confined and unconfined. Confined aquifers have a layer of impenetrable rock or clay above them, while unconfined aquifers lie below a permeable layer...

Groundwater is invisible, but its impact is visible everywhere. Out of sight, under our feet, groundwater is a hidden treasure that enriches our lives. Almost all of the liquid freshwater in the world is groundwater. Groundwater provides almost half of all drinking water worldwide, about...

Finite in water resources and end users stringent deliverable creates huge pressure on this segment which necessitates water treatment industries to deliver more efficiently including safe and secure drinking water, storm water management and waste water management. Water crisis has been indicated as one of...

Our Planet Earth depends on the vitality of the ocean for sustenance in myriad ways. Ocean offers innumerable benefits to the mankind in terms of saltmarshes, mangroves, ocean currents, nutrient rich upwelling and other forms of life. As is well known, it provides for an...

Water stress in different regions of India has made people to accept Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) desalinated water as an alternate solution to alleviate drought. However, the following myths and misconceptions still exists among a few. Clarifications are provided to overcome the myths and misconceptions....

Wetland Conservation – A Climate Change Response “Low hanging fruit for achieving mitigation milestones”   The annual celebration of World Wetlands Day is a wonderful opportunity to remind ourselves of our duty to protect and preserve the dwindling wetlands in our country. It has always...

Micropollutants – tiny causes, huge effects. Micropollutants are substances that occur in very low concentrations (ng/l to μg/l) in water. These micropollutants are mostly not new, but their existence could only first be proven with the availability of steadily more effective analytical methodology. They include...

Aerobic granulation is seen as the future standard for industrial and municipal wastewater treatment and subsequently research efforts are quickly developing in this field. As an outcome of a concerted Dutch program, an aerobic granular biomass technology has been scaled-up and implemented for the treatment...

The successful operation of a Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) not only lies with achieving the desired standards but also with value additions & overall plant operation, economical as well as technical ease. There is lot of concern on the present growing dependence on Power supply...

The present are testing times. Availability of water for the future is one of the biggest concerns of Governments, Regimes, Urban Local Bodies and Industries around the World. The same is cemented by the recent United Nations Water Intel which states that 783 Million people...

WABAG executed an Effluent Treatment Plant for DPL’s Coke oven plant located at Durgapur, West Bengal, India in 2010. The primary function of the Effluent Treatment Plant is to render the harsh coke oven effluents for discharging to the environment compliant with regulatory requirements. Coke...

Water stress is increasing mainly due to population growth and climate change, and in many cases, the clean and safe drinking water supply can no longer be guaranteed. Treated municipal wastewater is a drought-proof source for potable water reuse, which has been employed for many...

Forward Osmosis This is an osmotic process that uses a semi-permeable membrane to separate salts from water. FO uses an osmotic pressure gradient (∆п) instead of hydraulic pressure (∆P), which is used in RO, to create the driving force for water transport through the membrane....

Membrane Distillation is a thermal separation process during which only water vapour passes through a hydrophobic membrane. The driving force in the MD process is the difference in vapour pressure induced by vacuum and decrease in temperature across the membrane effects. This process finds its...